Why is the microbiome important for human health?

The microbiome is crucial for human health primarily because it plays a significant role in metabolism and immune function. The microbiome consists of trillions of microorganisms residing in and on the human body, particularly in the gut. These microorganisms help break down complex carbohydrates and fibers that the human digestive enzymes cannot process, converting them into short-chain fatty acids and other metabolites that can be used for energy and various bodily functions.

Additionally, the microbiome is integral to the immune system. It helps train immune cells and competes with pathogenic microorganisms for resources, which aids in protecting against infections. The presence of a diverse and balanced microbiome is associated with a well-functioning immune system, reducing the risk of autoimmune diseases and allergies.

While the microbiome does have some influence on aspects such as emotions and respiratory health, its foundational contributions to metabolism and immune function have significant implications for overall health. Hence, the assertion that it plays a key role in these areas is what makes the statement correct.