Which of the following describes innate immunity?

Innate immunity is characterized as non-specific and immediate, meaning it acts as the body's first line of defense against pathogens without requiring prior exposure to them. This part of the immune system responds quickly to a wide range of invaders, including bacteria, viruses, and other pathogens, using components such as physical barriers (like skin), inflammatory responses, and various immune cells (like macrophages and neutrophils).

Unlike adaptive immunity, which is specific and develops over time through the action of antibodies and memory cells, innate immunity does not adapt or improve with repeated exposure to the same pathogen. It operates through fixed and general mechanisms that do not rely on previous contact with the disease-causing organism. This rapid, broad response is vital for controlling infections until the more specific adaptive immune system can engage, which takes longer to develop.