What organization is responsible for coordinating global responses to infectious disease outbreaks?

The World Health Organization (WHO) is the primary entity responsible for coordinating global responses to infectious disease outbreaks. Its mission includes directing international health efforts, establishing and implementing health policies, and responding to public health emergencies.

WHO provides guidance and support to countries around the world in managing health crises such as pandemics, through its established protocols and rapid response teams. They play a crucial role in monitoring disease outbreaks, conducting research, and providing technical assistance to nations to mitigate the spread of illnesses.

In contrast, while the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) operates primarily within the United States to protect public health and safety, it collaborates with WHO but does not have a global coordinating role. The European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC) focuses on public health in Europe, and while it offers support in managing disease outbreaks within the continent, it does not function as a global health coordinator. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) primarily focuses on medical research rather than direct coordination of disease response efforts.

Thus, the WHO's wide-reaching authority and international scope make it the correct answer for coordinating global responses to infectious disease outbreaks.